553: Key Terms
Law and American Society: Study Guide
The Constitution. This site presents the main idea of each article, section and clause of the Constitution. You should study it carefully.
Unit 1: Overview
Friedman, 1-19
Law
Lawyers
Formal v. Informal law
Common law
Civil law
Social control
Codes
Statutes
Appellate judges
Trial courts
Trial by Jury
Federal
Diversity cases
Judicial review
Marbury v. Madison
Pyramid of courts
Opinions
"Autonomous"
Tyranny of the majority
Legitimacy
Majority rule
Friedman, 37-72
Laissez Faire
Contract
Dynamic property
Static property
Law of torts
Farwell v. Boston and Worcester RR Co.
Roger Taney
Charles River Bridge case
Fletcher v. Peck
Dartmouth College v. Woodward
No fault divorce
Friedman, 75-80, 91-119
Victimless crime
Moral consensus
Heresy
Banishment
Shaming
Felony
Misdemeanor
Plea Bargain
Extreme due process
Rules of evidence
Victorian compromise
Comstock law, 1873
Madame Restell
Mann Act, 1910
Prohibition (18th Amendment)
Volstead Act
Temperance ideology
Industrialization
Urbanization
Furman v. Georgia, 1972
Gregg v. Georgia, 1976
War on Drugs
Law and order
Mandatory sentences
Sentencing guidelines
Racial profiling
Social norms
Partial enforcement
Incarceration rates
US:
2008: 754/100,000
1980: 220/100,000
World: 145/100,000
England: 148/100,000
Norway: 66/100,000
Friedman, 125-9, 134-57, 172-83
Administrative-welfare state
Sherman Anti-Trust Act, 1890
Sick Chicken Case
Schechter Poultry Corp v. U.S., 1936
Court packing plan
Wagner Act
Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896
Warren Court
Brown v. Board of Eduction, 1954
"All deliberate speed"
[Massive resistence]
Loving v. Virginia, 1967
Civil Rights Act, 1964
[EEOC]
Voting Rights Act, 1965
"Trigger" mechanism
["Covered jurisdictions"]
[Preclearance]
Due proces revolution
Gideon v. Wainwright, 1963
Miranda v. Arizona, 1966
Miranda warning
Baker v. Carr, 1962
Legislative reapportionment
"One man, one vote"
Plural equality
Reed v. Reed, 1971
Protective laws
Tinker v. Des Moines, 1969
Americans with Disabilities Act, 1990
Griswold v. Connecticut, 1965
Right to Privacy
Roe v. Wade, 1973
Hyde Amendment
Bowers v. Hardwick, 1986
[Lawrence v. Texas, 2003]
Burger Court
Renquist Court
Wickard v. Filburn, 1942
Katzenbach. v. McClung, 1964
Ollie's BBQ
States' rights
United States v. Lopez, 1995
New federalism
Block grants
Rights consciousness
Unit 2: Supreme Court in US History
The Marshall Court
Marbury v. Madison
Judicial review
Writ of mandamus
Original jurisdiction
Apellate jurisdiction
Contract clause
Fletcher v. Peck, 1810
Yazoo land grants
Vested rights*
McCulloch v. Maryland
Elastic Clause ("necessary and proper")
Implied powers
Enumerated or express powers
Loose v. strict construction
Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward
Sturges v. Crowninshield (bankruptcy)
Gibbons v. Ogden, 1824 (Steamboat Case)
Ogden v. Saunders, 1827
Concurrent power
Retrospective v. prospective interference
The Supreme Court and Race
Privileges and immunities clause
Due process clause
Equal protection clause
Slaughterhouse cases
Civil Rights Cases
Plessy v. Ferguson
Yick Wo
Supreme Court and the Industrial Revolution
Substantive due process
Procedural due proces
Liberty of contract
Sweatshop laws
Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.
Debs injunction
Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
"Felt necessities of the times"
Judicial restraint
Muller v. Oregon
Brandeis Brief
Adair v. United States
Adkins v. Children's Hospital
Lochner
Rufus Peckham
Reasonableness test
20th Century Reform
Four Horsemen of Reaction
Sick Chicken Case
Processing taxes
AAA & NIRA
General Welfare Clause
Court packing plan
Unconscionable employers
National Labor Relations Act
Collective bargaining
Switch in time that saved nine
The Nation at War
Habeas corpus
"One law in war and peace"
"Fire in a crowded theater"
Clear and present danger test
Bad tendency test
Direct incitement
Learned Hand
Implied v. direct provocation
Espionage Act
Sedition Act
Genetic disloyalty
Rational basis
Strict scrutiny
Abrams v. U.S.
Seditious libel
Brandenburg v. Ohio
Imminent lawless action test
Zachariah Chafee
John Stuart Mill, On Liberty
Free market of ideas
"Fighting faiths"
Warren Court, 1953-1969
Footnote four
Strict scrutiny
Rational basis test
"All deliberate speed"
Southern Manifesto
Massive resistence
Cooper v. Aaron
William J. Brennan
Supremacy Clause
Establishment clause
Wall of separation
Engel v. Vitale
Abington Township v. Schempp
Gideon v. Wainwright
Mal-apportionment
Reynolds v. Sims
Miranda v. Arizona
U.S. v. O'Brien
Tinker v. Des Moines
NY Times v. Sullivan
"Reckless disregard"
The Roberts Court
Griswold v. Conn.
Roe v. Wade
Right of privacy
Roper v. Simmons
Dog whistle politics
Standing
Ledbetter v. Goodyear
Grutter v. Bollinger
Stare decisis
Parents Involved
Color blind Constitution
Second Amendment
Originalism
Textualism
US v. Miller
Prinz
US v. Emerson
DC v. Heller
Blackstone
US v. Miller
Prefatory clause
Operative clause
Bryer/Souter jurisprudence
Unenumerated rights
Active liberty
Natural law
Intentionalist
Textualist
Pragmatist
Positive rights
Citizens United
Santa Clara County
Tillman Act
Buckley v. Valeo
McCain-Feingold (BCRA)
Citizens United v. FEC
Malcolm Stewart
O'Connor/Scalia jurisprudence
Narrow opinions
Minimalist opinions
Broad rules
Federalism revolution
Undue burden test
Casey
Judicial humility
Grutter v. Bollnger
Living Constitution
Evolving standards of decency
Hamdi v. Rumsfeld
Religion
Wall of separation
Lee v. Wiseman
Affirmative Action
Bakke v. Regents
Grutter v. Bollinger
Compelling interest
Racial balancing
Narrow tailoring
*Vested right: a right belonging so absolutely, completely, and unconditionally to a person that it cannot be defeated by the act of any private person and that is entitled to governmental protection usu. under a constitutional guarantee <the contract clause remained extremely important for the protection of vested rights against state legislation — C.B.Swisher> Mirriam-Webster.com